Four centuries later Attica's settlements united with Athens as their center creating the first so-called "city-state".

The Greek civilization showed significant achievements during the period between 1050-700 BC. Olympus' Twelve Gods dominate religiously and a new script, a descendant of the European alphabet, is created. Homer leaves his mark on the development of civilization and the evolution of art reaches immortality.

The 6th Century BC is the century of construction of the first Ionic and Doric marble temples, the famous statues of Kouros and Koros as well as black-painted pottery. This specific period is characterised by the evolution of lyric, choral and epic poetry, the appearance of the Ionic philosophers and the organisation of the Panhellenic Festivals. Athens is progressively becoming important during the Archaic period (7th-6th Century BC) when the Greeks are beginning to be aware of their national identity and common origin.

The city center is moved to the place where the market (agora) is situated and the hill of the Acropolis obtains its idolising character. It is enriched with temples and sanctuaries and gathers all Greek works of art. At the same time significant social changes are observed. Royal power passes over to the aristocrats and after a period of agitation (624 BC) Athenian law is coded by the legislator Drakontas.

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